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Learn about solutions and treatments for common lower limb problems and deformities
The hygiene of the feet often comes second, even if we burden them throughout the day. Neglecting the care of the limbs, however, often leads to painful conditions and serious deformities. “Common problems that people face include hammertoes, blisters, plantar fasciitis and calluses. Some are easily treated, but others will require the help of a specialistexplains Dr. Ronald Lepow, Assistant Professor of Orthopedic Surgery at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston.
Friction and pressure, the overall stress placed on the ball of the foot is the most common reason, with the wrong shoes usually exacerbating the problem. They may press the toes, restrict movement and not allow the foot to breathe, or they may not be suitable for people with a low or very high arch, in which case it becomes necessary to use orthotic insoles. According to Dr. Lepow, in cases of severe discomfort and pain, an X-ray of the foot that will capture the arch and structure of the lower limb can help decide the appropriate treatment solution.
Coccyx and hammertoe
The knuckle or hallux valgus, the deformity of the big toe and most common pathology of the forefoot, is a problem with many possible roots, from external factors such as frequent use of the wrong shoes and arthritis to family history. The first protective measure according to Dr. Lepow is avoiding tight shoes and high heels, while in case of persistent and severe pain it is likely that surgical treatment will be needed.
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Another common problem is hammertoe, in which the distal phalanx of the second toe is usually bent towards the ground, the toe becomes clubbed, possibly resulting in calluses, blisters or calluses. Special splints that separate and align the toes may provide relief, according to the specialist.
Bad feet
Foot odor is another problem that can be due to heavy sweating or some pathogen infection, such as e.g. while walking in unsanitary, polluted environment. A typical example is “athlete’s foot”a common fungal infection manifested by itching and tingling between the toes.
Like other fungal infections, it is treated with the appropriate antifungal drugs, to reduce the risk, however, it is necessary personal hygiene measures such as drying the feet well – especially between the toes – avoiding walking with bare feet in public spaces, using cotton socks and daily care.
Problems of old age
Age favors the onset of end-foot problems, with common age-related conditions such as osteoarthritis causing joint deformities, with the subsequent formation of bone spurs in the heel or other parts of the foot. Special inserts and insoles, cortisone injections, physical therapy and foot orthotics can help, explains the professor, concluding that any discomfort should be checked by a specialistto find the appropriate treatment in time.